This project will finalise a biosecurity plan for the almond and macadamia industries, identifying the exotic pests and pathogens that pose the greatest threat to the sector. It will establish an almond and macadamia industry Biosecurity Reference Panel to guide the development and review of targeted Biosecurity Action Plans for the almond and macadamia industries. These Action Plans will outline practical steps and activities to improve industry preparedness and response capability and provide guidance for future investment. 

Biosecurity is extremely important for the Australian tree nut industry. In recent years, the industry has experienced several exotic pest incursions, including the recent arrival of Varroa destructor (varroa mite). These events have highlighted the significant impact that exotic pests can have on growers and the broader industry. The Australian Nut Industry Council (ANIC) is acutely aware of these risks, but the sector faces considerable challenges in working collectively on biosecurity due to the diversity in tree type, scale, and climate. Australia’s tree nut industries span almonds, chestnuts, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pistachios, and walnuts, and are dispersed nationally across temperate, Mediterranean, and sub-tropical climates. 

In 2024, ANIC funded the development of the Threat Summary Tables and High Priority Pest lists for the tree nut sector which was endorsed by the Plant Health Committee in March 2025. This information forms the foundation for the development of a Biosecurity Plan for the Australian Tree Nut Industries.  

The intended impact for growers is to provide clear, industry-specific guidance and tools to help protect crops from exotic pest threats, reduce losses, and maintain market access. By improving coordination and preparedness, the project will help safeguard grower businesses and support the long-term sustainability of Australia’s tree nut industry.